PVE更改governor模式

背景

PVE工控机器发现CPU温度跳动范围大，风扇转速太快，声音太大

环境信息

PVE版本信息

root@:~#  pveversion -v
proxmox-ve: 8.4.0 (running kernel: 6.8.12-15-pve)
pve-manager: 8.4.14 (running version: 8.4.14/b502d23c55afcba1)
proxmox-kernel-helper: 8.1.4
proxmox-kernel-6.8: 6.8.12-15

CPU 信息

root@:~# lscpu
Architecture:             x86_64
  CPU op-mode(s):         32-bit, 64-bit
  Address sizes:          39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
  Byte Order:             Little Endian
CPU(s):                   16
  On-line CPU(s) list:    0-15
Vendor ID:                GenuineIntel
  BIOS Vendor ID:         Intel(R) Corporation
  Model name:             12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1240P
    BIOS Model name:      12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1240P To Be Filled By O.E.M. CPU @ 3.4GHz
    BIOS CPU family:      205
    CPU family:           6
    Model:                154
    Thread(s) per core:   2
    Core(s) per socket:   12
    Socket(s):            1
    Stepping:             2
    CPU(s) scaling MHz:   37%
    CPU max MHz:          4400.0000
    CPU min MHz:          400.0000

常见CPU governor 介绍

模式	特点	CPU 行为	温度 / 性能影响	场景适用
ondemand	默认模式（动态调速）	负载高 → 极速升频到最高；负载低 → 快速降频	温度峰值可能高，性能最大	PVE / 一般工作，保性能
powersave	省电模式	自动降低频率，不轻易冲到最高	温度低，瞬态高温少，性能略下降	长期运行、温控优先
performance	高性能模式	CPU 尽量维持高频，少降频	温度高，性能最大	需要极限性能场景
conservative	保守模式	升频慢，降频快	温度低，性能略低	低功耗、静音优先
userspace	用户自定义	用户可手动设定固定频率	可控，但需要手动设置	特殊调度 / 实验场景
schedutil	内核新模式	基于 Linux 调度器动态调频	综合温度与性能	新内核默认，高性能与温控平衡

i5-1240P 举例 （我的CPU）

1️⃣ performance（默认）

• 压测时：几乎全程高频 3.5~4.4GHz
• 温度高，风扇持续加速
• 适合短期性能任务，不适合工控长时间运行

2️⃣ powersave

• 压测时：CPU 多在 2.8~3.2GHz
• 温度峰值降低 5~10℃
• 空闲时仍降到 400MHz
• 优点：温度稳定，适合 7×24
• 缺点：极限性能略低，不影响大部分 VM/CT

操作步骤

确保 linux-cpupower 已安装

apt install linux-cpupower -y

查看当前模式

当前模式 performance
可用模式 available cpufreq governors: performance powersave

root@:~# cpupower frequency-info
analyzing CPU 0:
  driver: intel_pstate
  CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 0
  CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 0
  maximum transition latency:  Cannot determine or is not supported.
  hardware limits: 400 MHz - 4.40 GHz
  available cpufreq governors: performance powersave
  current policy: frequency should be within 400 MHz and 4.40 GHz.
                  The governor "performance" may decide which speed to use
                  within this range.
  current CPU frequency: Unable to call hardware
  current CPU frequency: 3.50 GHz (asserted by call to kernel)
  boost state support:
    Supported: yes
    Active: yes

更改模式

cpupower frequency-set -g powersave

查看更改后的模式

root@:~# cpupower frequency-info
analyzing CPU 0:
  driver: intel_pstate
  CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 0
  CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 0
  maximum transition latency:  Cannot determine or is not supported.
  hardware limits: 400 MHz - 4.40 GHz
  available cpufreq governors: performance powersave
  current policy: frequency should be within 400 MHz and 4.40 GHz.
                  The governor "powersave" may decide which speed to use
                  within this range.
  current CPU frequency: Unable to call hardware
  current CPU frequency: 1.98 GHz (asserted by call to kernel)
  boost state support:
    Supported: yes
    Active: yes

配置开机启动

nano /etc/systemd/system/cpupower-governor.service

[Unit]
Description=Set CPU Governor
After=multi-user.target

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/usr/bin/cpupower frequency-set -g powersave

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

自启动和恢复

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable cpupower-governor

## 想恢复，禁用服务
systemctl disable cpupower-governor